Ace Books1952–presentPrimary method (pre-1968): a first printing carries NO printing statement and NO later-priArkham House1939–present (convention shifts ~mid-1960s and early 1980s)Pre-mid-1960s: a true first generally shows the SAME year on the title page and the copyriBaen Books1983–presentCopyright page carries a 'First printing, <Month Year>' statement; first printings show noBallantine Books / Del Rey1952–presentPaperback originals: first printing has NO additional printings listed on the copyright paBantam Spectra1985–presentFollows standard Bantam/Bantam Spectra practice: the copyright page carries a full descendCemetery Dance Publications1988–presentLimited states identified by a signature/limitation sheet near the front, e.g. 'This is onDAW Books1971–presentPRIMARY tell is the DAW 'collector's number' (sequential book number), NOT a conventional Fantasy Press1946–1961Trade first edition: copyright page typically without later-printing notation; check againGnome Press1948–1962First editions generally STATE 'First Edition' on the copyright page — but this alone is NGolden Gryphon Press1997–2010sTrade first edition: copyright-page first-printing indication (number line with '1' / no lMark V. Ziesing Books1980s–1990sLimited and trade states identified by the limitation/colophon leaf stating the numbered (Night Shade Books1997–present (independent era 1997–2013)Trade first: copyright-page number line with '1' present and no later printings listed (stPrime Press1947–c.1953First state identified by single print run and absence of later-printing notation; some tiPS Publishing1999–presentStates identified by a signed limitation sheet: typically a signed/numbered hardcover (e.gShasta Publishers1947–c.1957Shasta first editions are identified by an explicit 'First Edition' statement printed on tSubterranean Press1995–presentTrade first edition: copyright-page number line with '1' present and no additional printinUnderwood-Millerc.1976–1994 (joint imprint)Editions identified by the limitation/colophon statement: many titles issued in trade plusVictor Gollancz Ltd (incl. Gollancz SF)1927–present (yellow-jacket era c.1927–mid-1980s)Classic British-house method: 'First published <year>' on the copyright/verso with NO late
Part of the First-Edition Identification hub · data: first-editions.json (CC BY 4.0).