New Mexico Native American Literature: A Collector's Authority Guide

By Josh Eldred · New Mexico Literacy Project · · ~5,700 words

In 1969 the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction was awarded to a novel set substantially at Jemez Pueblo, New Mexico, written by an enrolled Kiowa Nation citizen who had been raised on the Jemez Pueblo reservation where his parents taught at the Jemez Day School. House Made of Dawn (Harper & Row 1968) by N. Scott Momaday was the first novel by a Native American author to win the Pulitzer Prize, and the literary-critical landmark that scholars now call the Native American Renaissance — the wave of Native American novelists, poets, and essayists who entered mainstream American literary recognition beginning in the late 1960s. The Renaissance's foundational generation produced canonical NM-anchored work: Momaday's House Made of Dawn 1968 and The Way to Rainy Mountain 1969, Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony 1977 set at Laguna Pueblo, Simon Ortiz's Going for the Rain 1976 anchored at Acoma Pueblo, Paula Gunn Allen's Laguna-Pueblo-and-Lebanese-heritage feminist scholarship culminating in The Sacred Hoop 1986. The contemporary generation centered on the Institute of American Indian Arts (IAIA) MFA in Creative Writing program (established 2013, the only Native-focused MFA in the United States) extends the canon with Joy Harjo's three-term U.S. Poet Laureate appointment 2019-2022, Layli Long Soldier's quadruple-award-winning WHEREAS 2017, and Tommy Orange's Pulitzer-finalist There There 2018. This is the collector's guide to that canon.

The NM Native American literary canon is unusual among regional American literary canons in that it is institutionally Native-led across the contemporary period. The IAIA MFA, the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center publishing program, the Sun Tracks series at University of Arizona Press, and the substantial Native faculty positions across UNM, NMSU, and IAIA together constitute an infrastructure that did not exist in any comparable form in 1968 when Momaday published House Made of Dawn. A serious NM Native American literary library covers four generations: the foundational Renaissance generation (Momaday, Silko, Ortiz, Allen), the second generation working in adjacent traditions (Harjo, James Welch, Linda Hogan), the contemporary IAIA-anchored MFA generation (Long Soldier, Belin, Orange, Skeets, LaPointe), and the supporting scholarly canon (Lincoln Native American Renaissance 1983, Warrior Tribal Secrets 1995, Womack Red on Red 1999, Weaver-Warrior-Womack American Indian Literary Nationalism 2006).

Last verified May 2026 · Original research by Josh Eldred

N. Scott Momaday and the Native American Renaissance

Navarre Scott Momaday (February 27, 1934 — February 24, 2024, closed pool) is the foundational figure of the Native American Renaissance. Born in Lawton Oklahoma to Alfred Morris "Al" Momaday (Kiowa painter and educator) and Natachee Scott Momaday (Cherokee descent, writer), raised principally on the Jemez Pueblo NM Reservation where his parents taught at the Jemez Day School from 1946 to 1962, with summers at the Kiowa community in southwestern Oklahoma. UNM bachelor's 1958, University of Virginia graduate work, Stanford English PhD 1963 (dissertation on Frederick Goddard Tuckerman under Yvor Winters, the Stanford professor and literary critic who became Momaday's principal mentor), and held faculty appointments at UC Santa Barbara, UC Berkeley, Stanford, the University of Arizona, and UNM across his career. Died at Santa Fe NM on February 24, 2024.

House Made of Dawn (Harper & Row 1968 first hardcover with original dust jacket) is Momaday's first novel, set substantially at the fictional Walatowa Pueblo (Momaday's Jemez Pueblo). Protagonist Abel is a Walatowa Pueblo World War II veteran returning to the reservation, undergoing the cultural-dislocation crisis that the novel's narrative engages through traditional Pueblo healing ceremony, Catholic mission framework, and the bicoastal Los Angeles-displacement context that mid-century Pueblo veterans frequently encountered. The novel won the 1969 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction — the first Native American novelist to win the Pulitzer. The 1968 Harper & Row first hardcover with original dust jacket is the principal Tier 1 trophy of the entire Native American Renaissance canon. Fine signed firsts trade four-figure to upper-four-figure at specialist auction; Momaday signed extensively at UNM, Santa Fe, Tucson, and Native literature conference events through his February 2024 closed pool.

The Way to Rainy Mountain (University of New Mexico Press 1969 first hardcover) is the foundational Kiowa-tradition prose-and-illustration memoir, with Al Momaday's illustrations integrated alongside text. The book combines three voices — Kiowa oral tradition, anthropological-historical commentary, and personal memoir — in a tripartite structure that became Momaday's signature formal innovation. The 1969 UNM Press first hardcover with original dust jacket and Al Momaday illustrations intact is the second-tier Momaday trophy. Companion canonical Momaday: Angle of Geese and Other Poems (David R. Godine 1974); The Names: A Memoir (Harper & Row 1976 first hardcover, the principal Momaday autobiographical work); The Ancient Child (Doubleday 1989 novel); In the Presence of the Sun: Stories and Poems 1961-1991 (St. Martin's 1992); The Man Made of Words: Essays, Stories, Passages (St. Martin's 1997); In the Bear's House (St. Martin's 1999); Three Plays (UNM Press 2007); Earth Keeper: Reflections on the American Land (HarperOne 2020 — his final book before his 2024 death).

Leslie Marmon Silko: The Laguna Voice

Leslie Marmon Silko (born March 5, 1948, Albuquerque NM), Laguna Pueblo enrolled member with substantial Anglo and Mexican heritage from her father's side, raised at Laguna Pueblo NM, is the principal Pueblo-voice novelist of the contemporary Native American canon. UNM bachelor's in English 1969, briefly attended UNM Law School before withdrawing to focus on writing, MacArthur Foundation Fellow 1981 (one of the early Native American MacArthur recipients).

Laguna Woman: Poems (Greenfield Review Press 1974) is the foundational Silko chapbook — small Greenfield Review Press print run, the genuinely scarce Tier 1 starting point for serious Silko collecting. Ceremony (Viking 1977 first hardcover) is the foundational post-Momaday Pueblo-voice Native American Renaissance novel. Protagonist Tayo is a mixed-heritage Laguna Pueblo World War II veteran (similar in structural framing to Momaday's Abel) returning home and undergoing traditional Pueblo healing ceremony. Immediate canonical status, persistent presence in college and graduate Native American literature curricula, frequent inclusion in American-literature survey anthologies. The 1977 Viking Ceremony first hardcover with original dust jacket is the principal Tier 1 Silko trophy. Fine signed firsts trade upper-three-figure to low-four-figure at specialist auction.

Storyteller (Seaver Books / Arcade 1981 first hardcover) is the multi-genre collection of stories, poems, photographs, and family-history material that established Silko's distinctive formal innovation — the interweaving of multiple narrative modes that became increasingly central to her work. Almanac of the Dead (Simon & Schuster 1991 first hardcover) is the massive 762-page apocalyptic novel covering five centuries of Indigenous Americas history — substantially more difficult and commercially challenging than Ceremony, but increasingly recognized as the central Silko work of the late twentieth century. The 1991 Simon & Schuster Almanac of the Dead first is the second-tier Silko trophy. Companion: Sacred Water (Flood Plain Press 1993); Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit (Simon & Schuster 1996 essay collection); Gardens in the Dunes (Simon & Schuster 1999 novel); The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir (Viking 2010).

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Simon J. Ortiz: The Acoma Voice

Simon Joseph Ortiz (born May 27, 1941, Albuquerque NM), raised at Deetseyamah (the McCartys Village of Acoma Pueblo NM), Acoma Pueblo enrolled member, is the principal Pueblo-voice poet of the contemporary Native American canon. UNM undergraduate work and Fort Lewis College, U.S. Army Vietnam War service, Iowa Writers' Workshop, and faculty appointments at Sinte Gleska University (Rosebud SD), College of Marin, UNM, and Arizona State University.

Going for the Rain (Harper & Row 1976 first hardcover with original dust jacket) is the foundational Ortiz collection — the first major-trade-press collection of Pueblo-voice contemporary poetry. The Harper & Row first-novel-print-run-for-a-Native-poet was small; fine first hardcovers are now scarce. A Good Journey (Turtle Island / University of Arizona 1977) continues the Pueblo-voice tradition. From Sand Creek: Rising in This Heart Which Is My America (Thunder's Mouth Press 1981 first, Pushcart Prize winner) is the major book-length poetry sequence anchored to the November 29, 1864 Sand Creek Massacre — frequently cited as the artistic peak of Ortiz's work, the Tier 2 collector target.

Woven Stone (University of Arizona Press Sun Tracks Series 1992) is the comprehensive collected poetry combining Going for the Rain, A Good Journey, and Fight Back. Companion canonical Ortiz: Howbah Indians (Blue Moon Press 1978 short stories); Song, Poetry, Language: Expression and Perception (Institute of American Indian Arts 1977); Fightin': New and Collected Stories (Thunder's Mouth 1983); After and Before the Lightning (University of Arizona 1994); Out There Somewhere (University of Arizona Sun Tracks 2002); Speaking for the Generations: Native Writers on Writing (University of Arizona 1998 edited anthology). Ortiz signs at UNM, Acoma Pueblo, ASU, and contemporary Native literature events; signed firsts of Going for the Rain and From Sand Creek trade meaningful premium at specialist Native American literature dealers.

Joy Harjo: The Three-Term U.S. Poet Laureate

Joy Harjo (born May 9, 1951, Tulsa Oklahoma), Mvskoke (Muscogee Creek) Nation enrolled citizen, with substantial UNM and IAIA Albuquerque/Santa Fe publishing-and-residency career across decades, is the principal contemporary Native American poet. Library of Congress appointed her U.S. Poet Laureate in June 2019, reappointed her for a second term June 2020 (the first reappointment in fourteen years), and reappointed her for an unprecedented third term June 2021 — the only American poet to serve three terms and the first Native American Poet Laureate.

Harjo took the UNM bachelor's in poetry 1976, where she studied with Leslie Marmon Silko and Simon Ortiz (the foundational Native voice generation that taught her — writers whose work engages the Pueblo sovereignty tradition), the Iowa Writers' Workshop MFA 1978, and held faculty appointments at the University of Colorado, Arizona State, UCLA, the Institute of American Indian Arts Santa Fe, and UT Knoxville. Her Albuquerque and Santa Fe residencies across decades make her substantially a New Mexico literary figure alongside her Mvskoke Nation citizenship.

Canonical Harjo bibliography: The Last Song (Puerto Del Sol Press, Las Cruces NMSU, 1975 first chapbook — extremely scarce, the foundational Harjo artifact); What Moon Drove Me to This? (I. Reed Books 1979); She Had Some Horses (Thunder's Mouth Press 1983 first chapbook — the foundational Harjo collection, the Tier 1 Harjo trophy, small Thunder's Mouth Press print run); Secrets from the Center of the World (University of Arizona Sun Tracks 1989 with Stephen Strom photographs); In Mad Love and War (Wesleyan University Press 1990 American Book Award + Delmore Schwartz Memorial Award — the second-tier Harjo trophy); The Woman Who Fell from the Sky (W.W. Norton 1994); A Map to the Next World (Norton 2000); How I Became Human: New and Selected Poems 1975-2001 (Norton 2002); Crazy Brave: A Memoir (Norton 2012 American Book Award + PEN Open Book Award); An American Sunrise (Norton 2019 first hardcover during her Laureate term); Poet Warrior: A Memoir (Norton 2021); Weaving Sundown in a Scarlet Light: Fifty Poems for Fifty Years (Norton 2022 her Laureate-term-anchor selected). Harjo also produced multiple albums of poetry-and-music collaboration; the saxophone-poetry-and-spoken-word performance tradition is central to her work.

Sitting on a shelf of these? I buy collections across Albuquerque and I'll tell you honestly what's worth what. Text me at 702-496-4214.

Paula Gunn Allen and the Native Feminist Tradition

Paula Gunn Allen (October 24, 1939 — May 29, 2008, closed pool), born Cubero NM in western Valencia County, Laguna Pueblo / Lebanese / Scottish heritage, raised at the boundary of Laguna and Acoma Pueblos, was the principal Laguna-voice scholar and writer of the second half of the twentieth century, with substantial influence in Native feminist theory and Indigenous literary studies. UCLA PhD in American Studies 1975 with dissertation that became The Sacred Hoop. Faculty appointments at San Francisco State University, UCLA Native American Studies (where she chaired the department), emeritus status until her 2008 death.

Canonical Allen bibliography: Coyote's Daylight Trip (La Confluencia 1978 poems); The Blind Lion (Thorp Springs Press 1974); A Cannon Between My Knees (Strawberry Press 1981); Shadow Country (UCLA American Indian Studies Center 1982); The Woman Who Owned the Shadows (Aunt Lute Press 1983, the foundational Native lesbian novel); The Sacred Hoop: Recovering the Feminine in American Indian Traditions (Beacon Press 1986 first hardcover — the canonical Allen text, persistent presence in Women's Studies and Native American Studies curricula); Skins and Bones (West End Press 1988); Spider Woman's Granddaughters: Traditional Tales and Contemporary Writing by Native American Women (Beacon Press 1989 edited anthology); Grandmothers of the Light: A Medicine Woman's Source Book (Beacon Press 1991); Off the Reservation: Reflections on Boundary-Busting, Border-Crossing Loose Canons (Beacon 1998); Pocahontas: Medicine Woman, Spy, Entrepreneur, Diplomat (HarperSanFrancisco 2003).

The 1986 Beacon Press Sacred Hoop first hardcover with original dust jacket is the Tier 1 Allen trophy. Beacon Press trade-first print run was modest; signed Allen copies trade upper-three-figure at specialist Native American literature dealers (Allen closed pool 2008). The 1983 Aunt Lute Press Woman Who Owned the Shadows first is the second-tier Allen trophy and the foundational Native lesbian novel in the broader Native literary canon.

The Contemporary IAIA Generation, 2000-Present

The contemporary post-Renaissance generation of NM Native American literature substantially overlaps with the Institute of American Indian Arts (IAIA) Santa Fe MFA in Creative Writing program (established 2013, the only Native-focused MFA in the United States), the Sun Tracks American Indian Literary Series at University of Arizona Press, Graywolf Press, and the substantial Native-faculty network at UNM, NMSU, and IAIA.

Layli Long Soldier (Oglala Lakota, MFA Bard College 2009, IAIA MFA faculty) — WHEREAS (Graywolf Press 2017 first softcover) won the 2018 National Book Critics Circle Award, the Whiting Award, the PEN Open Book Award, and the LA Times Book Prize for Poetry — the major book-length poetry response to the 2009 Congressional Apology to Native Peoples (Public Law 111-118, Section 8113, signed by President Obama with no Native Americans present, the apology that the title's "WHEREAS" derives from). The 2017 Graywolf first trade paperback is the Tier 1 contemporary Native poetry trophy; signed firsts trade upper-three-figure at specialist auction.

Tommy Orange (Cheyenne/Arapaho, IAIA MFA, sustained Santa Fe IAIA faculty residency) — There There (Knopf 2018 first hardcover) won the PEN/Hemingway Award 2019, was a Pulitzer Prize finalist 2019, and is the foundational urban-Indian-perspective contemporary Native novel set substantially in Oakland CA. The 2018 Knopf There There first hardcover with original dust jacket is the Tier 1 contemporary Native novel trophy. Companion: Wandering Stars (Knopf 2024 the sequel).

Other contemporary major figures: Esther G. Belin (Diné) From the Belly of My Beauty (University of Arizona Sun Tracks 1999 American Book Award) and Of Cartography (University of Arizona Sun Tracks 2017); Sherman Alexie (Spokane/Coeur d'Alene, sustained Santa Fe IAIA residency) The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven (Atlantic Monthly Press 1993) through The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian (Little Brown 2007); Stephen Graham Jones (Blackfeet, sustained Santa Fe IAIA faculty residency) The Only Good Indians (Saga Press 2020) and the Indian Lake Trilogy (Saga 2021-2023); Jake Skeets (Diné, sustained Albuquerque/Window Rock residency) Eyes Bottle Dark with a Mouthful of Flowers (Milkweed Editions 2019 Whiting Award 2020 + American Book Award 2020); Sasha LaPointe (Coast Salish, sustained Santa Fe residency) Red Paint (Counterpoint 2022); Crisosto Apache (Mescalero Apache, sustained Albuquerque residency) Ghostword (Mongrel Empire Press 2018); Sherwin Bitsui (Diné, IAIA MFA faculty) Shapeshift (University of Arizona 2003), Flood Song (Copper Canyon 2009), Dissolve (Copper Canyon 2018 American Book Award 2019).

Inherited a library and not sure where to start? Call or text 702-496-4214 — I handle this all the time.

Five Identification Problems

Problem one: Momaday House Made of Dawn 1968 Harper & Row first vs subsequent printings. The 1968 Harper & Row first hardcover with original dust jacket is the Pulitzer-winner artifact. Subsequent: Perennial Library paperback 1969 and subsequent; HarperCollins reprintings of the 1990s-2000s; Vintage trade paperback editions. The 1968 Harper & Row hardcover is the artifact; Pulitzer-winner editions of the 1969-1970 mass-market are working copies.

Problem two: Silko Ceremony 1977 Viking first vs subsequent. The 1977 Viking first hardcover with original dust jacket is the artifact. Subsequent: Penguin trade paperback editions of the late 1970s and 1980s; Viking Critical Library expanded editions with critical apparatus; Penguin 30th and 40th anniversary editions. The 1977 Viking hardcover with dust jacket is the collector target.

Problem three: Harjo She Had Some Horses 1983 Thunder's Mouth chapbook authentication. The 1983 Thunder's Mouth Press first chapbook is genuinely scarce — small Thunder's Mouth Press print run, the foundational Harjo collection. Signed firsts are heavily sought; Harjo signed at NM events through her Laureate years and continues to sign. Subsequent: W.W. Norton reissues; the 2008 Norton 25th anniversary edition.

Problem four: Sun Tracks Series identification. The Sun Tracks American Indian Literary Series at University of Arizona Press (founded by Larry Evers and Felipe Molina at University of Arizona late 1970s) publishes many canonical Native American literature firsts in the contemporary period. Sun Tracks-imprint identification matters — Sun Tracks firsts trade premium over later University of Arizona reissues; collectors verify Sun Tracks series-volume number and original dust jacket.

Problem five: IAIA Press and small-press chapbook authentication. Many contemporary Native American poets publish chapbooks through IAIA Press, Mongrel Empire Press, West End Press, and other small Native-focused publishers. Print runs are small, distribution is limited, and chapbook firsts are scarce in the broader secondary market. Collectors verify imprint, edition number, and ideally event-signing provenance.

Three-Tier Collector Market

Tier 1 trophy (mid-three-figure to upper-four-figure): Signed Momaday House Made of Dawn Harper & Row 1968 first hardcover with original dust jacket Pulitzer-winner fine condition (signed Momaday firsts cross four-figure at specialist auction, fine signed firsts can reach upper-four-figure given the 2024 closed pool); signed Silko Ceremony Viking 1977 first; signed Silko Laguna Woman Greenfield Review Press 1974 chapbook first; signed Ortiz Going for the Rain Harper & Row 1976 first; signed Ortiz From Sand Creek Thunder's Mouth 1981 first; signed Harjo She Had Some Horses Thunder's Mouth 1983 first chapbook; signed Allen Sacred Hoop Beacon 1986 first hardcover; signed Long Soldier WHEREAS Graywolf 2017 first; signed Tommy Orange There There Knopf 2018 first; complete signed Sun Tracks Series first-edition runs of major NM Native authors.

Tier 2 collector targets (low-to-mid three-figure): Trade firsts of canonical NM Native American literature — Momaday Way to Rainy Mountain UNM 1969 first hardcover with Al Momaday illustrations and dust jacket, Momaday Names: A Memoir Harper & Row 1976 first, Momaday Ancient Child Doubleday 1989 first; Silko Storyteller Seaver 1981 first hardcover, Silko Almanac of the Dead Simon & Schuster 1991 first, Silko Gardens in the Dunes Simon & Schuster 1999 first; Ortiz Woven Stone University of Arizona 1992 first softcover Sun Tracks Series; Harjo In Mad Love and War Wesleyan 1990 first, Harjo Crazy Brave Norton 2012 first; Allen Woman Who Owned the Shadows Aunt Lute 1983 first; Belin From the Belly of My Beauty Arizona Sun Tracks 1999 first softcover; Skeets Eyes Bottle Dark Milkweed 2019 first; Bitsui Flood Song Copper Canyon 2009 first; Stephen Graham Jones The Only Good Indians Saga 2020 first; Sasha LaPointe Red Paint Counterpoint 2022 first.

Tier 3 working library (upper-two-figure to low-three-figure): Subsequent printings of all above; Perennial/Harper trade paperback House Made of Dawn editions; Penguin Ceremony editions including the 30th and 40th anniversary; Vintage Contemporaries trade paperback editions; Norton trade paperback Harjo editions; Penguin and University of Arizona Sun Tracks trade paperback editions; small-press Native chapbooks from West End Press, Mongrel Empire, IAIA Press; literary anthologies including selected NM Native American work (Norton Anthology of Native American Literature, Reinventing the Enemy's Language: Contemporary Native Women's Writing Joy Harjo and Gloria Bird edited 1997, Returning the Gift); academic monographs on Native American literature; UNM Press scholarly editions.

Have a collection you need evaluated? I come to the house, assess everything, and handle it all in one visit. Call 702-496-4214.

NMLP Intake Position

Native American literature arrives in NMLP donation pickups with substantial frequency given New Mexico's deep Native scholarly-and-residency tradition. Donor surface concentration: UNM English Department and Native American Studies faculty estates (signed Momaday, Silko, Ortiz, Harjo, Allen across decades — UNM was Momaday's, Silko's, Ortiz's, and Harjo's foundational educational institution), IAIA Santa Fe-adjacent residential estates (sustained IAIA faculty and student-and-alumni libraries, the principal contemporary-Native-literature donor surface), Indian Pueblo Cultural Center-adjacent Hispano-Pueblo-Anglo Albuquerque household donations — donor contributions help NMLP process these culturally significant collections — (deep canon-set Pueblo-voice donations), Santa Fe arts-community estates with substantial Native American collecting interest (collectors of both art and books, often with signed Tier 1 Momaday and Silko first editions), Laguna Pueblo and Acoma Pueblo regional household donations (Silko and Ortiz home-community libraries), Albuquerque attorneys and physicians whose practices serve Pueblo and Native client populations.

NMLP routes Tier 1 trophy items through its book evaluation and resale services — signed Momaday House Made of Dawn Harper & Row 1968 first, signed Silko Ceremony Viking 1977 first, signed Ortiz Going for the Rain Harper & Row 1976 first, signed Harjo She Had Some Horses Thunder's Mouth 1983 first chapbook, signed Allen Sacred Hoop Beacon 1986 first, signed Long Soldier WHEREAS Graywolf 2017 first, signed Tommy Orange There There Knopf 2018 first) to specialist Native American literature dealers (William Reese Company New Haven, Heritage Auctions Books and Manuscripts, Swann Galleries Native American Literature sales, specialist Native American collectibles dealers including Adobe Gallery occasional book sales). Tier 2 trade firsts route through SellBooksABQ standard hand-sort with Native American literature collector outreach.

Tier 3 paperback reprints route extensively to APS Title I schools (the NM history and English curriculum increasingly includes contemporary Native American literature with the 2020-present Native curriculum-mandate updates), UNM Native American Studies and English Department classroom-set acquisitions, IAIA institutional library donations when accepting, Indian Pueblo Cultural Center institutional donations, the regional Pueblo-and-Diné community library partnership network, and Little Free Library stocking. Cultural-protocol note: certain Native ceremonial or restricted material (sandpainting reproductions, restricted kiva-tradition material, ceremonial calendars, restricted-knowledge ethnographic transcriptions) requires specialist cultural-protocol consultation before resale and is not routed through standard secondary market channels — these arrive infrequently in NMLP intake but require careful handling when they do, with routing to UNM Center for Southwest Research or Indian Pueblo Cultural Center for institutional disposition.

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External References

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Cite This Guide

Eldred, J. (May 2026). New Mexico Native American Literature: A Collector's Authority Guide. New Mexico Literacy Project.

https://newmexicoliteracyproject.org/new-mexico-native-american-literature-collecting

Content is original research by Josh Eldred. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Cite with attribution.