NMLP P-001023 · True-first precedence · minted 2026-07-04

The First Circle (V kruge pervom)

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn · Harper & Row (New York) / Collins & Harvill Press (London) · 1968

First English is 1968, appearing in the West essentially simultaneously in the US (Harper & Row, Whitney translation) and the UK (Collins & Harvill, 'Michael Guybon' pseudonymous translation by Hayward, Harari, and Glenny); precedence between the two is close. The Russian original surfaced in the West in 1968. The full 96-chapter text appeared only later as 'In the First Circle' (Willetts translation, 2009), a distinct restored edition.

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New Mexico Literacy Project — True-first precedence NMLP P-001023 for "The First Circle (V kruge pervom)" by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (https://newmexicoliteracyproject.org/id/point/p-001023, CC BY 4.0, dataset DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21184548).