NMLP P-039045 · True-first precedence · minted 2026-07-19

We the Living

Ayn Rand · The Macmillan Company, New York · 1936

The census claim is confirmed on the American edition but CORRECTED on the British. Macmillan (New York), 7 April 1936, 3,000 copies, is the true first. The first British edition is Cassell & Co., Ltd. (London), published in JANUARY 1937 — not "later the same year" as the census note states; both Wikipedia and the Ayn Rand Institute's New Ideal place Cassell in 1937. The Cassell edition matters bibliographically because it prints the original, unrevised text and is collected as the UK first; it far outsold the American issue, going to at least seven printings and staying in print into the 1940s. The census note is right that the 1959 Random House text differs and that difference is substantive, not cosmetic: Rand cut and altered passages (for example, "I loathe your ideals. I admire your methods" was shortened to "I loathe your ideals," and a passage describing the masses as fuel to be burned was deleted). The 1959 Random House edition is a revised text and a "first thus" — never a first edition, whatever a listing calls it.

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New Mexico Literacy Project — True-first precedence NMLP P-039045 for "We the Living" by Ayn Rand (https://newmexicoliteracyproject.org/id/point/p-039045, CC BY 4.0, dataset DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21184548).