{"id": "feb-001", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "The lowest number in the number line is 1, so this is a first printing. The stated \"First Edition\" agrees.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-002", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "The lowest number in the number line is 1, so this is a first printing. The stated \"First Edition\" agrees.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-003", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "The lowest number in the number line is 1, so this is a first printing. The stated \"First Edition\" agrees.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-004", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "The lowest number in the number line is 1, so this is a first printing. The stated \"First Edition\" agrees.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-005", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 3}, "rationale": "The lowest number present is 3, so this is the 3rd printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-006", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 4}, "rationale": "The lowest number present is 4, so this is the 4th printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-007", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 5}, "rationale": "The lowest number present is 5, so this is the 5th printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-008", "category": "number_line_basic", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 7}, "rationale": "The lowest number present is 7, so this is the 7th printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-009", "category": "number_line_direction", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "Direction does not matter: the lowest number present is 1, so it is a first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-010", "category": "number_line_direction", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "Direction does not matter: the lowest number present is 1, so it is a first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-011", "category": "number_line_partial", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "6 7 8 9 10 11", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 6}, "rationale": "The line begins at 6 because the lower numbers were stripped as the book was reprinted; the lowest present, 6, is the printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-012", "category": "number_line_partial", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "First published 1978\n2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 2}, "rationale": "The lowest number is 2 with no Random House context, so this is a second printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-013", "category": "number_line_alternating", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "Split (odd/even) number lines were common; order is irrelevant. The lowest number, 1, is present, so it is a first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-014", "category": "number_line_alternating", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "First Edition\n3 5 7 9 11 13 12 10 8 6 4", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 3}, "rationale": "Even though it says \"First Edition,\" the lowest number in the split line is 3 — a later printing of the first edition, not the first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-015", "category": "edition_vs_printing", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n4 5 6 7 8 9 10", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 4}, "rationale": "\"First Edition\" describes the edition, which is retained on later printings. The number line's lowest value is 4, so this is the 4th printing of the first edition — not the sought-after first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-016", "category": "edition_vs_printing", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n5 6 7 8 9 10 11", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 5}, "rationale": "\"First Edition\" describes the edition, which is retained on later printings. The number line's lowest value is 5, so this is the 5th printing of the first edition — not the sought-after first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-017", "category": "edition_vs_printing", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n6 7 8 9 10 11 12", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 6}, "rationale": "\"First Edition\" describes the edition, which is retained on later printings. The number line's lowest value is 6, so this is the 6th printing of the first edition — not the sought-after first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-018", "category": "publisher_convention_rh", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "Random House, New York\nFIRST EDITION\n9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "first_printing", "printing": 1}, "rationale": "Random House first printings state \"First Edition\" and carry a number line whose lowest number is 2 (the 1 is not used). With the \"First Edition\" statement present, this is a first printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-019", "category": "publisher_convention_rh", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "Random House, New York\n8 7 6 5 4 3 2", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 2}, "rationale": "Here the \"First Edition\" statement is absent and the lowest number is 2, so by Random House practice this is a later (second) printing, not a first.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-020", "category": "book_club", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "FIRST EDITION\n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1\n[Rear board has a blind-stamped square; dust jacket has no printed price.]", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "book_club", "printing": null}, "rationale": "A book-club edition can reprint the first edition's page verbatim, number line and all. The blind-stamp on the rear board and the price-clipped/unpriced jacket identify it as a book-club edition, not a trade first.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-021", "category": "book_club", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "BOOK CLUB EDITION\nFirst published 1961", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "book_club", "printing": null}, "rationale": "\"Book Club Edition\" printed on the copyright page or jacket flap is definitive: it is not the publisher's trade first edition.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-022", "category": "reprint_wording", "difficulty": "easy", "copyright_page": "First published 1955\nReprinted 1955, 1956, 1957\nThis edition 1958", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": null}, "rationale": "The reprint history shows multiple impressions after the first; this copy is a later printing, not the first.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-023", "category": "reprint_wording", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "First printing, January 1972\nSecond printing, March 1972\n(no number line)", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "later_printing", "printing": 2}, "rationale": "The stated printing history identifies this as the second printing.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-024", "category": "insufficient", "difficulty": "hard", "copyright_page": "Copyright 1949 by the author.\nPrinted in the United States of America.", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "insufficient", "printing": null}, "rationale": "There is no edition statement, no number line, and no reprint history. The copyright page alone is not enough to determine the printing; the title's specific points of issue would be needed.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}
{"id": "feb-025", "category": "insufficient", "difficulty": "medium", "copyright_page": "All rights reserved.\nPrinted in Great Britain.", "question": "From this copyright page, is the book a true first edition (first printing)? Give the verdict and the printing number.", "answer": {"verdict": "insufficient", "printing": null}, "rationale": "No edition statement, number line, or dates are present, so the printing cannot be determined from this page alone.", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "FirstEdBench v1.0 (New Mexico Literacy Project)"}